Three common formulas
Percent of a value
(X ÷ 100) × Y answers questions such as “What is 15% of 200?”
What percent one value is of another
(X ÷ Y) × 100 compares the part to the whole. The whole cannot be zero.
Percentage increase or decrease
Y × (1 ± X/100) applies the change directly to the base value.
